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VAS貓惡性腫瘤 與 預防針接種 資料與討論專區
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 08:00 PM,
作者 shandie
|
我想現在的爭議並不是在於"打或不打"
而是獸醫們是否有在UPDATE 自己的臨床知識及吸收因預防針而衍生的病理的後續處理或預防的處理。
目前已經有很多的獸醫會將狂犬疫苗打在肌肉或腳上。
我個人也是知道狂犬疫苗裡佐劑衍生肉瘤再轉成悪性腫瘤的風險
但是
我家的貓小孩及狗小孩也都是有施打的，只是我們不是打在背上
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VAS貓惡性腫瘤 與 預防針接種 資料與討論專區
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:59 PM,
作者 shandie
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History
VAS was first recognized at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in 1991.[2] An association between highly aggressive fibrosarcomas and typical vaccine location (between the shoulder blades) was made. Two possible factors for the increase of VAS at this time were the introduction in 1985 of vaccines for rabies and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) that contained aluminum adjuvant, and a law in 1987 requiring rabies vaccination in cats in Pennsylvania.[3] In 1993, a causal relationship between VAS and administration of aluminum adjuvanted rabies and FeLV vaccines was established through epidemiologic methods, and in 1996 the Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force was formed to address the problem.[4]
In 2003, a study of ferret fibrosarcomas indicated that this species also may develop VAS. Several of the tumors were located in common injection sites and had similar histologic features to VAS in cats.[5] Also in 2003, a study in Italy compared fibrosarcomas in dogs from injection sites and non-injection sites to VAS in cats, and found distinct similarities between the injection site tumors in dogs and VAS in cats. This suggests that VAS may occur in dogs.[6]
Pathology
Inflammation in the subcutis following vaccination is considered to be a risk factor in the development of VAS, and vaccines containing aluminum were found to produce more inflammation.[7] Furthermore, particles of aluminum adjuvant have been discovered in tumor macrophages.[8] The incidence of VAS is between 1 in 1000 to 1 in 10000 vaccinated cats and has been found to be dose-dependent.[1] The time from vaccination to tumor formation varies from three months to eleven years.[9] Fibrosarcoma is the most common VAS; other types include rhabdomyosarcoma, myxosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and undifferentiated sarcoma.[10]
Similar examples of sarcomas developing secondary to inflammation include tumors associated with metallic implants and foreign body material in humans, and sarcomas of the esophagus associated with Spirocerca lupi infection in dogs and ocular sarcomas in cats following trauma. Cats may be the predominant species to develop VAS because they have an increased susceptibility to oxidative injury, as evidenced also by an increased risk of Heinz body anemia and acetaminophen toxicity.[9]
[edit] Diagnosis
VAS appears as a rapidly growing firm mass in and under the skin. The mass is often quite large when first detected and can become ulcerated or infected. It often contains fluid-filled cavities, probably due to its rapid growth.[11] Diagnosis of VAS is through a biopsy. The biopsy will show the presence of a sarcoma, but information like location and the presence of inflammation or necrosis will increase the suspicion of VAS. It is possible for cats to have a granuloma form after vaccination, so it is important to differentiate between the two before radical surgery is performed. One guideline for biopsy is if a growth is present three months after surgery, if a growth is greater than two centimeters, or if a growth is becoming larger one month after vaccination.[1]
X-rays are taken prior to surgery because about one in five cases of VAS will develop metastasis, usually to the lungs but possibly to the lymph nodes or skin.[8]
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VAS貓惡性腫瘤 與 預防針接種 資料與討論專區
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:59 PM,
作者 shandie
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These tumors have been most commonly associated with rabies and feline leukemia virus vaccines, but other vaccines and injected medications have also been implicated.
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VAS貓惡性腫瘤 與 預防針接種 資料與討論專區
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:58 PM,
作者 shandie
|
老實說，我還是想強調防疫的重要性。當然我們自己的貓小孩狗朋友甚至中途的貓都有接受預防注射及狂犬預防，我個人還在美國時，也有打過狂犬疫苗。
不過，我想陳述的重點是 VAS 已經在臨床上證實由狂犬疫苗及貓科白血病毒疫苗裡衍生的一種臨床疫苗注射疾毒。請看以下資料。
Vaccine-associated sarcoma
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A vaccine-associated sarcoma (VAS) is a type of malignant tumor found in cats (and rarely, dogs and ferrets) that has been linked to certain vaccines. VAS has become a concern for veterinarians and cat owners alike and has resulted in changes in recommended vaccine protocols.
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:39 PM,
作者 shandie
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更多的文獻及資料
Treatment and prognosis
Treatment of VAS is through aggressive surgery. As soon as the tumor is recognized, it should be removed with very wide margins to ensure complete removal. Treatment may also include chemotherapy or radiation therapy. The most significant prognostic factor is initial surgical treatment. One study showed that cats with radical (extensive) initial surgery had a median time to recurrence of 325 days versus 79 days for cats with marginal initial excision.[3] The expression of a mutated form of p53, a tumor suppressor gene, is found commonly in VAS and indicates a poorer prognosis.[12]
[edit] Precautionary measures
New vaccine protocols have been put forth by the American Association of Feline Practitioners that limit type and frequency of vaccinations given to cats. Specifically, the vaccine for feline leukemia virus should only be given to kittens and high risk cats, and the core vaccines for rabies, feline panleukopenia, feline viral rhinotracheitis, and feline calicivirus should only be given every three years to adult cats. Also, vaccines should be given in areas making removal of VAS easier.[13] A new canarypox vector rabies vaccine is on the market that is non-adjuvanted and creates little inflammation at the injection site.[14] There have been no specific associations between development of VAS and vaccine brand or manufacturer, concurrent infections, history of trauma, or environment.[15]
[edit] References
^ a b c "Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force: Roundtable Discussion". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 226 (11). 2005. http://www.avma.org/journals/javma/articles_public/vafstf_050601.asp. Retrieved on 2006-08-27.
^ Hendrick M, Goldschmidt M (1991). "Do injection site reactions induce fibrosarcomas in cats?". J Am Vet Med Assoc 199 (8): 968. PMID 1748617.
^ a b Kitchell, Barbara E. (2005). "Feline Vaccine-Associated Sarcomas". Proceedings of the 30th World Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association. http://www.vin.com/proceedings/Proceedings.plx?CID=WSAVA2005&PID=10915&O=Generic. Retrieved on 2006-08-27.
^ Richards J, Elston T, Ford R, Gaskell R, Hartmann K, Hurley K, Lappin M, Levy J, Rodan I, Scherk M, Schultz R, Sparkes A (2006). "The 2006 American Association of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine Advisory Panel report". J Am Vet Med Assoc 229 (9): 1405–41. doi:10.2460/javma.229.9.1405. PMID 17078805.
^ Munday J, Stedman N, Richey L (2003). "Histology and immunohistochemistry of seven ferret vaccination-site fibrosarcomas". Vet Pathol 40 (3): 288–93. doi:10.1354/vp.40-3-288. PMID 12724570.
^ Vascellari M, Melchiotti E, Bozza M, Mutinelli F (2003). "Fibrosarcomas at presumed sites of injection in dogs: characteristics and comparison with non-vaccination site fibrosarcomas and feline post-vaccinal fibrosarcomas". J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 50 (6): 286–91. PMID 12887620.
^ O'Rourke, Kate (2004). "Researchers probe vaccine-associated feline sarcoma". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 225 (6). http://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/sep04/040915k.asp. Retrieved on 2006-08-27.
^ a b Hershey A, Sorenmo K, Hendrick M, Shofer F, Vail D (2000). "Prognosis for presumed feline vaccine-associated sarcoma after excision: 61 cases (1986-1996)". J Am Vet Med Assoc 216 (1): 58–61. doi:10.2460/javma.2000.216.58. PMID 10638320.
^ a b Martin M (2003). "Vaccine-associated fibrosarcoma in a cat". Can Vet J 44 (8): 660–3. PMID 13677599.
^ Chang H, Ho S, Lo H, Tu Y, Jeng C, Liu C, Wang F, Pang V (2006). "Vaccine-associated rhabdomyosarcoma with spinal epidural invasion and pulmonary metastasis in a cat". Vet Pathol 43 (1): 55–8. doi:10.1354/vp.43-1-55. PMID 16407487.
^ Couto S, Griffey S, Duarte P, Madewell B (2002). "Feline vaccine-associated fibrosarcoma: morphologic distinctions". Vet Pathol 39 (1): 33–41. doi:10.1354/vp.39-1-33. PMID 12102217.
^ Hershey A, Dubielzig R, Padilla M, Helfand S (2005). "Aberrant p53 expression in feline vaccine-associated sarcomas and correlation with prognosis". Vet Pathol 42 (6): 805–11. doi:10.1354/vp.42-6-805. PMID 16301577.
^ Eigner, Diane R.. "Feline Vaccine Guidelines". The Winn Feline Foundation. http://www.winnfelinehealth.org/health/vaccination-guidelines.html#recommendations. Retrieved on 2006-08-27.
^ Lappin, Michael R. (2004). "Feline vaccines". Proceedings of the 29th World Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association. http://www.vin.com/proceedings/Proceedings.plx?CID=WSAVA2004&PID=8684&O=Generic. Retrieved on 2006-08-27.
^ Kass P, Spangler W, Hendrick M, McGill L, Esplin D, Lester S, Slater M, Meyer E, Boucher F, Peters E, Gobar G, Htoo T, Decile K (2003). "Multicenter case-control study of risk factors associated with development of vaccine-associated sarcomas in cats". J Am Vet Med Assoc 223 (9): 1283–92. doi:10.2460/javma.2003.223.1283. PMID 14621215.
Z. Deim, N. Pálmai and G. Cserni: Vaccine-associated fibrosarcoma induced by aluminium compound in two cats, Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, volume 56 (2008)
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
,
發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:37 PM,
作者 shandie
|
我想現在的爭議並不是在於"打或不打"
而是獸醫們是否有在UPDATE 自己的臨床知識及吸收因預防針而衍生的病理的後續處理或預防的處理。
目前已經有很多的獸醫會將狂犬疫苗打在肌肉或腳上。
我個人也是知道狂犬疫苗裡佐劑衍生肉瘤再轉成悪性腫瘤的風險
但是
我家的貓小孩及狗小孩也都是有施打的，只是我們不是打在背上
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:33 PM,
作者 shandie
|
Pathology
Inflammation in the subcutis following vaccination is considered to be a risk factor in the development of VAS, and vaccines containing aluminum were found to produce more inflammation.[7] Furthermore, particles of aluminum adjuvant have been discovered in tumor macrophages.[8] The incidence of VAS is between 1 in 1000 to 1 in 10000 vaccinated cats and has been found to be dose-dependent.[1] The time from vaccination to tumor formation varies from three months to eleven years.[9] Fibrosarcoma is the most common VAS; other types include rhabdomyosarcoma, myxosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and undifferentiated sarcoma.[10]
Similar examples of sarcomas developing secondary to inflammation include tumors associated with metallic implants and foreign body material in humans, and sarcomas of the esophagus associated with Spirocerca lupi infection in dogs and ocular sarcomas in cats following trauma. Cats may be the predominant species to develop VAS because they have an increased susceptibility to oxidative injury, as evidenced also by an increased risk of Heinz body anemia and acetaminophen toxicity.[9]
[edit] Diagnosis
VAS appears as a rapidly growing firm mass in and under the skin. The mass is often quite large when first detected and can become ulcerated or infected. It often contains fluid-filled cavities, probably due to its rapid growth.[11] Diagnosis of VAS is through a biopsy. The biopsy will show the presence of a sarcoma, but information like location and the presence of inflammation or necrosis will increase the suspicion of VAS. It is possible for cats to have a granuloma form after vaccination, so it is important to differentiate between the two before radical surgery is performed. One guideline for biopsy is if a growth is present three months after surgery, if a growth is greater than two centimeters, or if a growth is becoming larger one month after vaccination.[1]
X-rays are taken prior to surgery because about one in five cases of VAS will develop metastasis, usually to the lungs but possibly to the lymph nodes or skin.[8]
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
,
發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:32 PM,
作者 shandie
|
History
VAS was first recognized at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in 1991.[2] An association between highly aggressive fibrosarcomas and typical vaccine location (between the shoulder blades) was made. Two possible factors for the increase of VAS at this time were the introduction in 1985 of vaccines for rabies and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) that contained aluminum adjuvant, and a law in 1987 requiring rabies vaccination in cats in Pennsylvania.[3] In 1993, a causal relationship between VAS and administration of aluminum adjuvanted rabies and FeLV vaccines was established through epidemiologic methods, and in 1996 the Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force was formed to address the problem.[4]
In 2003, a study of ferret fibrosarcomas indicated that this species also may develop VAS. Several of the tumors were located in common injection sites and had similar histologic features to VAS in cats.[5] Also in 2003, a study in Italy compared fibrosarcomas in dogs from injection sites and non-injection sites to VAS in cats, and found distinct similarities between the injection site tumors in dogs and VAS in cats. This suggests that VAS may occur in dogs.[6]
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:32 PM,
作者 shandie
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These tumors have been most commonly associated with rabies and feline leukemia virus vaccines, but other vaccines and injected medications have also been implicated.
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
,
發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:32 PM,
作者 shandie
|
老實說，我還是想強調防疫的重要性。當然我們自己的貓小孩狗朋友甚至中途的貓都有接受預防注射及狂犬預防，我個人還在美國時，也有打過狂犬疫苗。
不過，我想陳述的重點是 VAS 已經在臨床上證實由狂犬疫苗及貓科白血病毒疫苗裡衍生的一種臨床疫苗注射疾毒。請看以下資料。
Vaccine-associated sarcoma
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A vaccine-associated sarcoma (VAS) is a type of malignant tumor found in cats (and rarely, dogs and ferrets) that has been linked to certain vaccines. VAS has become a concern for veterinarians and cat owners alike and has resulted in changes in recommended vaccine protocols.
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VAS貓惡性腫瘤 與 預防針接種 資料與討論專區
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 01:09 PM,
作者 shandie
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下面引用由piggy100在 2009/06/24 11:22am 發表的內容：
看完一系列的討論
覺得不知所措
春花小貓背上那一條長長的疤
在我的腦海裡揮之不去
...
所有的預防針很重要哦
不能不打啦
但是重點是您請您的獸醫師檢查一下疫苗的期效日期及疫苗運送過程中是否都是真空乾燥保持疫苗的穩定性哦！
狂犬病疫苗因其佐劑導至疫苗本身較不穩定
當然還是要打啦！台灣的狂犬防疫做的很好，不能有漏洞
但是建意狂犬疫苗不要打皮下或背部，因為在背部有腫瘤處理難度較高
建意打在肌肉或腳上，有萬一引發肉瘤時，可以用切肢的方式來處理
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-24 07:50 AM,
作者 shandie
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個人並沒有提及到不到施打狂犬疫苗或鼓勵飼主不要帶寵物伴侶去施打狂犬疫苗
事實上
我家的四個小孩每三年都有施打狂犬疫苗
我針對的是一個事實的陳述
而且是針對台灣所進之狂犬疫苗
很多國家的野生或原生種的動物非常之多，我居住在北美時，常常被提醒不要被松鼠，skunk或bat 咬到(請注意，很多歐美人士喜歡到戶外露營或活動，接觸到野生動物的機會也多)，在大陸，人民的生活衛生習慣不如台灣，很多人的確還會吃一些珍奇異獸的，所以在處理牠們時，被咬到的可能性也很高。
不過在台灣，走私的一些野性動物也很多，台灣在狂犬防疫真的是做的很好很好，台灣是一個狂犬free zone，的確，我們都有責任來保護台灣。
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轉貼恩亞動物醫院..腫瘤和預防針
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發表在 貓事分享,
時間 2009-06-24 12:17 AM,
作者 shandie
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以下是狂犬病疫苗會引發的病症(有臨床文件紀錄的) by Dr. Jean Dodds
Behavior changes such as aggression and separation anxiety
Obsessive behavior,self-mutilation, tail chewing
Pica - eating wood, stones, earth, stool
Destructive behavior, shredding bedding
Seizures, epilepsy
Fibrosarcomas at injection site
Autoimmune diseases such as those affecting bone marrow and blood cells, joints, eyes, skin, kidney, liver, bowel, and central nervous system.
Muscular weakness and or atrophy
Chronic digestive problems
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【貓天堂】p26【貓天堂】貓咪回娘家貓聚報名開始囉。
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發表在 不是我的貓,
時間 2009-06-23 11:55 PM,
作者 shandie
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When you take your furry friend home 帶您的幼貓回家時(一)
One thing you should do before you bring your kitten home is to ensure your household ready for the big event!
First few days;
Cats are, by nature, highly temitorial, which means they need a place to call their own; it is important to their emotional well-being. CAts love their homes, and you too, of couse! Your new cat/kitten is already in a state of stress from having been brought to a new home with new people in strange surroundings. Please be aware of some plants are also deadly poisonous, please click me for more infomations.
當您帶著認養的幼貓回家前，您必須確定家中的佈置及擺設不會傷及幼貓。例如：幼貓好奇活動力高，他們愛跳上跳下，在他們穩定前，請把易碎品收整好。在家中擺有植物者，並要注意那一些植物是對貓狗有毒的，如百合，長春滕或萬年青等植株。
對貓狗有毒之植株請<點我>
Your goal is to help make your furry fmaily member feel comfortable and safe as quickly as possible. We have found that confining the kitten to a small room (the bathroom is good) for the first few days is a great way to start. Make sure that food and litter and a warm soft bed are in the room. Be sure that you continue with the same fod and litter your new cat or kitten is used to as they are undergoing enough changes as it is. A hot water bottle under the blanket is soothing, and the old tale of rubbing a big of butter on the pads of the feet actually does help it settle in! Grooming gives a cat a sense of contentment. So licking the butter off helps the cat to feel more settled. Just as you wouldn't leave a toddler home alone to run around unsupervised, it doesn't make sense to leave kittens unsupervised either. You would be suprised at the places they ca find to hide that you ddin't know existed. Some shy cats and kittens may hide under a peice of furniture for as long as a week while others will be ready to come out and explore right away. Spend as much time as possible in the room with the kitten, speaking gently and soothingly, but don't try to force it out of hiding. The cat will let you know when it is ready to begin exploring more of the house.
幼貓進入家中的前幾天，貓咪們，天生就俱有地盤行為，意思是他們要一個屬於他們自己的空間，貓咪們會利用前額頭上的前列腺體散發出特殊氣味並加以磨擦到物貓或傢俱上來留下自己獨特的味道，並且向外宣告這是他的地方。貓咪喜愛有自己的空間，當然您也是囉。您的新寵物伴侶已經是在一種緊迫的情形下被帶入一個新環境，認識新的味道，所以您所提供的空間更是要讓您的寵物伴侶感到安心。
您的目標是必須幫助您的寵物伴侶在短時間內感到舒適及有安全感。在JoAnne 中途的幾年經驗中，我們發現讓回到的前幾天，先侷限在小房間內(或浴廁間)是比較好的開始。但您必須在小房間裡備有食物，貓沙及柔暖舒適的床。開始時，您可以在家讓幼貓從小房間出來探索，好奇的小幼貓可能會因離開原本的房間而喵喵的叫，您可以利用逗貓棒或撫摸的方式來安撫小貓對陌生環境的不安感。當幼貓也對大環境不感到威脅時，您便可以將其用品移出來到大環境，有要注意的是，不要更換不用的貓沙或食物，即使一定要更換，也請以混搭的方式來慢慢更換。在換到大環境的同時，第一件事就是把幼貓抱進貓沙盆裡，讓幼貓可以自己定位出貓沙盆在位置。有一些很害羞的幼貓會躲在您意想不到的地方，此時，當您有機會摸到幼貓時，可以在您的手上塗一些奶油，可以吸引幼貓近距離的與您接觸，也可以讓較害羞的幼貓早一點習慣有您的味道。如果可以的話，多花一點互動玩要的時間，您可以利用丟鈴鐺球，逗貓棒及貓草玩具來拉近您與幼貓的距離感哦！但是千萬千萬不要用您的手去逗弄您的幼貓，以免被幼貓當成是他的同伴，也以他的方式來和您玩要，即便是被攻擊，也請您要制止幼貓的行為也要包容幼貓哦！
另外，不必要的噪音及大動作也要避免，輕聲細語及輕柔的動作會更快讓您的毛毛朋友有安全感哦！也不要使幼貓從他們躲藏的地方出來，可能用玩具有食物來誘引。幼貓的過渡期可能有幾天甚至幾個月，您的耐心及細心和包容是讓幼貓在短時間內適應新的環境和味道。
未完待續
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【VAS Awareness】貓之惡性纖維腫瘤大串聯&僅供預防針紀錄回報專版--另有相關討論專用板
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發表在 貓咪保健,
時間 2009-06-23 11:43 PM,
作者 shandie
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以下是狂犬病疫苗會引發的病症(有臨床文件紀錄的) by Dr. Jean Dodds
Behavior changes such as aggression and separation anxiety
Obsessive behavior,self-mutilation, tail chewing
Pica - eating wood, stones, earth, stool
Destructive behavior, shredding bedding
Seizures, epilepsy
Fibrosarcomas at injection site
Autoimmune diseases such as those affecting bone marrow and blood cells, joints, eyes, skin, kidney, liver, bowel, and central nervous system.
Muscular weakness and or atrophy
Chronic digestive problems
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